Financial Management Of Small Businesses Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4224 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? This course is part of the Entrepreneurship specialization that includes Opportunity Identification, Gathering Resources Launch, Entrepreneurial Growth, Entrepreneurial Finance, Harvest, Negotiations (Financial Management of the Small Firm) and the capstone course, Entrepreneurial Management. This class is quite quantitative and a solid finance/accounting background is helpful. If you do not have a strong finance/accounting background, make sure you get in a study group with someone who does have this strong financial background. This course is very demanding from both the amount of reading required and the number of cases discussed during the semester. THE CASE METHOD Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Management Of Small Businesses Finance Essay" essay for you Create order In a case course, much of the learning occurs in preparing for the case, which often requires three to six hours of readings and preparation, including discussions within your study group. The case method is student-centered rather than instructor-centered. In the classroom, the students will drive a rigorous discussion of each case by identifying the problems and issues faced by the managers and formulating alternatives for solution backed by case facts and assumptions. In addition to preparing for cases, there are substantial reading assignments, especially in the early part of the course. Two notes on the case method are provided in your readings: Note to the Student: How to Study and Discuss Cases from UVAs Professor Robert Bruner and The Case Method by Jeff Sandefer. GRADING The class will set its own standards through friendly competition. The student with the highest weighted average ranking will receive the highest grade and then the remaining students are ranked from this top position. A forced curve is used in this class with approximately: % of Class 30-35% A or A- if performance is substantially higher than the mean (top third of the class) 55-60% B+, B or B- if performance is around the mean of the class (middle third) 5-10% C+, C if substantially underperforming other members of the class (bottom 10%) Ds and Fs will be awarded where deserved. Natural breaks in the distribution will be used to determine the final grade distribution. No student is allowed to take the course on a pass/fail basis. 1. CLASS DISCUSSION (30%) Your T.A. will record the class discussion and you will be graded on the quantity and, more importantly, the quality of your discussion of each case. Cold calls will be used for openings, summaries (closings) and during the class discussion. Openings and summaries will have a disproportionate weight on your class participation grade. Since there are more students in the class than cases, not everyone will be able to open or close a case and therefore, it is incumbent on you to raise your hand and participate fully in each case. Study group members will be expected to be active in the discussion when a group member opens a case. Student comments which move the class forward and build on other comments will be rewarded while just citing case facts or being unprepared for the discussion will adversely affect your grade. A survey at the end of the semester will allow you to rank your classmates discussion and study group participation. Rarely is there a significant difference in how I ra nk your participation and how your classmates rank you. Classroom discussion counts toward 30% of your final grade. Preparation and Missed Class If you are not prepared to open a case and tell me before the class begins, I will give you a minus one (-1) for that class discussion. However, If you do not tell me before class, I will award you a minus three (-3) for that class discussion. If you miss class due to an excused absence, then you must turn in a written analysis of the missed case to your T.A. (or me) within one week of the missed class. Failure to turn in a written analysis will result in up to a letter grade deduction. Unexcused absences and excessive excused absences may result in your being dropped from the class, having your grade reduced or be given a failing grade in the course. Cheating Obtaining help on a case, either written or oral, from students who have discussed the case in this or other classes is considered cheating and you will receive an F for the course. Students should also not surf the web searching for the outcome or the right answer. Cases force you to put yourself in a managers/owners role, frame the problem, identify strategic alternatives and make a recommendations based on logic and fact-based analysis. Most cases are self contained and research on the web will not be required. Tardiness Being late to class is disruptive to the class discussion. If you are late to class, we will stop and find out why and you may get the pleasure of opening the case or being cold called multiple times. 2. Mid-term and Final Exam Cases (50%) Midterm All students will perform an individual analysis of a take-home mid-term exam case (individual, no team analysis). The case will be handed out during the previous weeks class. Limit your analysis and spreadsheets to 10 pages total and put your name on the back of the last page of your analysis, as I grade the exams blindly. Please use double spacing on your word-processed analysis and use 12-point font size on your text and spreadsheets. The mid-term represents 25% of your total grade. Final You will be given an option for your final case. Option A A written analysis of a comprehensive case similar to the mid-term. This take-home final exam case will be distributed to you on the final day of class and you will return the case, your written analysis and spreadsheet work at the scheduled time on the syllabus. The final represents 25% of your total grade. Option B You may elect, during the first month of class, to form a team of 4 students in your section that will find a privately held company which will allow you to perform a financial analysis and valuation of their firm. In lieu of a written individual case final, the team members will work throughout the semester with their client company and will turn in their written analysis at the same time the Option A case finals are due. Your team will act as a financial consultant and generate a report targeted to the Board of Directors of the company that addresses, at a minimum: a SWOT analysis; an Industry/Competitor analysis; a financial analysis; and a valuation of the equity of the firm. This project will require you to find and meet with the business owner/manager and do original research including searching for comparable companies and industry benchmarking. I will give you access to databases such as BizComps and PrattStats, RMA Annual Financial Statement Surveys and Capital IQ. Your final written report will substitute for the same 25% of your final grade as the case final in Option A. All team members will receive the same starting grade based on the accuracy, quality and completeness of your teams project and ranked relative to the other teams projects. Adjustments to individual members project grade will be based on their team members evaluation of their contributions to the project. Samples of previous semester projects are posted on BlackBoard. 3. Written Assignments and Take-home Quizzes (20%) The remaining 20% of your grade is based on written exercises, turned-in case analyses, and two, take-home quizzes. For each case, your study team should print out a copy of your analysis and spreadsheet just in case I ask that you turn them in for grading. You may e-mail the files within 30 minutes of class if the files are on your notebook computer. Someone in your study group should have your spreadsheet work on their laptop or on an overhead slide in case I ask you to show your model to the class. Rules of Engagement for Class Discussion: Come prepared to participate and come on time. Take a stand and defend it. State your assumptions. Give evidence to support your claims but do not just repeat case facts. Speak concisely. Airtime is a scarce resource, do not ramble. LISTEN and build on previous student comments. Direct your comments to your classmates, not the professor. Respectfully challenge or support the arguments being made. OPENINGS While this course is about harvesting, exit strategies and valuation, do not overlook your traditional SWOT, FIT (PODC) and Industry/Competitor analysis frameworks in preparing your case. For your openings, take a stand and then defend it. Decide what the central issue of the case is and put yourself in the decision-makers shoes. Outline your alternative solutions and the pros and cons of each option. Never just give the answer. List any assumptions such as: normalization of the cash flows, the discount rate used and why, the terminal value assumptions, which comparable company that was used and why, any unique risk of the company and any discounts for marketability, minority interest or other adjustments. Only after you have cited your assumptions should you give your conclusion of value. Some of the points that I will use to grade your opening and class discussion are: Was the problem or issue clearly defined? Did you take a firm stand and back it with evidence? Did you outline your assumptions? Did you use the frameworks, valuation models and notes discussed in class? Did you explore the pros and cons of the strategic alternatives? Did you perform both qualitative and quantitative analysis? Was a plan of action presented along with implementation steps, timing and costs? How did you respond to your peers questions about your solution? A good question can be worth as much as a good answer. Feel free to experiment with unorthodox solutions, which will be rewarded if you can defend them with logic and evidence. REVIEW OF READINGS and CLOSINGS At the beginning of the class I may ask someone (cold call) to summarize one of the notes assigned for that class. At the end of most cases I will ask someone (cold call) for the lessons learned in the case. You should be able to concisely summarize the key learning objectives derived from the readings, the case and/or the class discussion. USE OF EXCEL TEMPLATES Try to develop a valuation excel template that allows you to enter data regarding an asset/cost approach, comparable market value approach, and discounted cash flow approaches. I have posted a few examples on Blackboard under Resources. You can use this template for the mid-term and the final to assist you with your analysis of the case. VALUATION Finally, valuation is both art and science. If you are looking for the number you will get frustrated. We are trying to narrow the range of darkness by using different valuation models and hope to get some convergent validity and triangulation from these models to give a valuation range. Ultimately, fair market value will be what a willing buyer and seller agree upon. Tues., 1/15 A. Class 1 INTRODUCTION GOALS FOR THE SEMESTER Review of Topics, Assignment Sheets, and Course Outline Rules for Classroom Discussion Instruction for the Formation of Study Groups The Case Method B. Professor/Student Introductions C. ASSIGNMENTS: 1. Readings from Course Packet: Course Summary and Grading Policy Course Introduction Note to the Student: How to Study and Discuss Cases The Case Method Jeff Sandefer Classroom Discussion Jeff Sandefer Note on Study Groups Jeff Sandefer How to Avoid Getting Lost in the Numbers 2. Browse this courses material on Black Board https://courses.utexas.edu/ for valuation spreadsheets and case electronic files under the course documents button and helpful websites on valuation under the external links button. 3. Bring a copy of your resume to the next class Thurs., 1/17 B. Class 2 LEGAL FORMS OF ORGANIZATION Tax Issues, Capital Sources and Legal Issues What form of organization do you want when you are starting, growing, a mature cash cow or selling the business. Sole Proprietorship General and Limited Partnerships Limited Liability Companies C and S Corporations Issuing Section 1244 and 1202 Stock Assignment Turn in Resume Form study groups (self-select 4-5 people with different education, concentration, work experience and cultural background). Your project team (four member teams max) for the final project can be different than your case study team. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: The Questions Every Entrepreneur Must Answer Small Company Finance: What the Books Dont Say A Small Business is Not Just a Little Big Business The Five Stages of Small Business Growth Blackboard: Legal Forms.ppt Tues., 1/22 C. Class 3 LEGAL FORMS (CONTINUED) Buy Sell Agreements Asset vs. Stock Sale Financial Structure ASSIGNMENT: Due Next Class Individual Effort. Go on-line and find a public company that interests you and get their year-end historical financial statements for the past three years. There are no constraints on industry, size, etc. You can access the financial data from any source you want to use. Use a spreadsheet to prepare a three-factor DuPont Decomposition of ROE for the past three years. In a one-page summary, explain the trends in the companys financial performance profitability, asset utilization, leverage and return. What correlation is their to their stock price performance? What other factors might influence the stock performance? READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Organizing the Enterprise: Which Form is Best for You? Countering the Biggest Risk of All Why Entrepreneurs Dont Scale Bootstap Finance: The Art of Start-ups Thurs., 1/24 D. Class 4 MEASURING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE Turn in Company DuPont Analysis assignment CLASS LECTURE: Business Performance Measurement Financial Statement Analysis DuPont Analysis/ROE drivers Financial Strategies ASSIGNMENT TO BE TURNED IN NEXT CLASS: 1. Individual Effort Prepare for your first case discussion Drivers of Industry Financial Structure and turn in next class. Match the industry with the financial statements and tell what factors led you to match the industry with the financial statement. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Note on the Financial Perspective: What Every Entrepreneur Should Know Introduction to Financial Ratios and Financial Statement Analysis 3. Assessing the Firms Future Health Work the problems at the end of the article for practice (NOT REQUIRED TO BE TURNED IN). BlackBoard: Financial Statement Analysis.ppt Tues., 1/29 E. Class 5 MEASURING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE (CONTINUED) CLASS LECTURE: Financial Strategies Value Drivers Levers Scaling CASE: Drivers of Industry Financial Structure Turn in your analysis. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: 1. Measuring Business Performance 2. Note on Unit Economics BlackBoard: Financial Statement Analysis.ppt Thurs., 1/31 F. CLASS 6 BREAKEVEN ANALYSIS CLASS LECTURE: Breakeven Analysis Operating, Financial and Combined Leverage (Scaling) Cost, Volume, Profit analysis Cost (ABC) Accounting CASE: Hallstead Jewelers HBS 5-107-069 (Study Team analysis Nothing required to be turned in.) READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Breakeven Analysis (abridged) BlackBoard: Breakeven Analysis.ppt Tues., 2/5 G. CLASS 7 WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT CLASS LECTURE: CASH CONVERSION CYCLE ASSET FORECASTING Receivable, Inventory and Payable Turnover Cash Conversion Cycle Percent of Sales Method of Asset Forecasting Proforma Statements and Cash Budgeting CASE: None READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: 1. Cash Management Practices in Small Companies BlackBoard: Working Capital Management.ppt Cash Budgeting Problem and Spreadsheet Thurs., 2/7 H. Class 8 WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CLASS LECTURE: EXTERNAL FUNDS REQUIRED CASE: Butler Lumber Company READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Note on Managing the Growing Venture BlackBoard: Asset Forecasting.ppt Tues., 2/12 I. Class 9 SOURCES OF CAPITAL CLASS LECTURE: Sources of Capital/Private Equity Debt Sources Equity Sources Government Backed Programs Take-home Quiz Handout: Individual Assignment. Take home quiz on previous lecture topics. Open Book, but no help from classmates or others. Due next class. CASE: None, but lots of readings and you need to complete the take-home quiz. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Note on Private Equity Securities Note on Angel Investing Note on Private Equity Deal Structures Note on Valuation of Venture Capital Deals Private Equity Glossary BlackBoard: Sources of Capital Terms Sheets History of Private Equity Thurs., 2/14 J. Class 10 Capital Structure Turn in Take Home Quiz CLASS LECTURE: Risk, Return and Cost of Capital MM Propositions WACC Behavioral/Signaling Cap Rate Build-up Stage and Round of Financing CASE: None, but take-home quiz is due READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Note on the Theory of Optimal Capital Structure Capital Structure Theory: A Current Perspective Indifference Point Analysis Debt Financing, Firm Value and Cost of Capital The Effects of Debt-Equity Policy on Shareholder Returns Beta BlackBoard: 1. Capital Structure.ppt Tues., 2/19 K. Class 11 BUSINESS Valuation CLASS LECTURE: Cost, Market and Income Approaches Value of the Assets in Trade Value of the Assets in Use Transaction Comps Public Guideline Comps Venture Capital Method Intrinsic Value Firm Free Cash Flow Equity Cash Flow Adjusted Present Value Capital Cash Flow CASE: Encana Corp.: The Cost of Capital (Ivey 9B07N002) ASSIGNMENT: REVIEW SOME OF THESE WEBSITES: https://www.capitalIQ.com https://www.exinfm.com/free_spreadsheets.html https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/ https://www.lib.utexas.edu/subject/business/finance.html https://www.investor.reuters.com/StockEntry.aspx?target=/stocks READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Note on Business Valuation Note on Valuing Private Businesses A Note on Pre-Money and Post Money Valuation BlackBoard: 1. Business Valuation.ppt Thurs., 2/21 L. Class 12 WHATS IT WORTH? CLASS LECTURE: Discounts rates, Terminal value, DLOM, DLOC CAPM Build-up Rate Terminal Value Discounts for Marketability, Control Unique Risk Factors Size, Key Man, Concentrations CASE: Frank Spence UVA-F-1206 READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: An Introduction to Cash Flow Valuation Methods A Note on Free Cash Flow Valuation Models BlackBoard: 1. Business Valuation.ppt Tues., 2/26 M. Class 13 DIVERGENCE OF GOALS CLASS LECTURE: Negotiating Financing the Sale Senior Debt Subordinated Debt Seller Note/Employment Agreement Earnout Non-Compete CASE: Eller Media S-SB-191 READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: The Company Sale Process Note on Adjusted Present Value Note on Capital Cash Flow Articles on Current MA Market and Valuation Issues A Note on the Initial Public Offering Process 9-200-016 BlackBoard: Business Valuation.ppt Thurs., 2/28 N. Class 14 Guest Speaker CASE: To Be Announced READING ASSIGNMENT: None Tues., 3/4- Thurs., 3/13 No Classes will be held during Global Plus or Spring Break (3/1-3/16) Work on your consulting project. Tues., 3/18 O. CLASS 15 D-I-V-O-R-C-E WHATS YOUR BID? CASE: The Carlton Polish Company HBS 9-283-008 ReadingS from the Course Packet: End Game Strategies for Declining Industries 83409 Note on Valuing Equity Cash Flows Thurs., 3/20 P. Class 16 What Size Slice of the Pie? CASE: Clarion Optical Co. HBS 9-393-116 READINGS: NONE ASSIGNMENT: Your take-home midterm case will be handed out this class. You are to return the case with your written case analysis (individual effort) on Tuesday. Your analysis is limited to 10 pages (including spreadsheet exhibits) with double line spacing. Electronic case exhibits are posted on BlackBoard. Each student should submit a written analysis at the beginning of class. You may use spreadsheet templates developed in your study groups but your work on the midterm case should be an individual effort. Your analysis should be word processed and double spaced with at least 12-point font. Your analysis and spreadsheet work should not exceed 10 pages. Do not put your name on the front of your analysis as I grade it blindly. Put your name on the back of the last page and staple. Discussing the case with other students in this or other classes is a violation of the honor code. Going out on the web to find out what happened to the company is also a violation of the honor code. You should stay within the case facts and just list your assumptions. It will take me several weeks to grade and give feedback on your midterm. You will also receive feedback on your class discussion and where you rank in the class. Tues., 3/25 Q. CLASS 17 MID TERM CASE DISCUSSION CASE: Written Mid-term Case due. You should turn in your written case analysis at the beginning of class. Bring the mid-term case with you to class and return the case at the end of this class after our case discussion. Thurs., 3/27 R. Class 18- ALL IN THE FAMILY CASE: COLETEK, INC. SB-144 READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: 1. Transferring Power in the Family Business HBR 79401 2. Definitions and Typologies of the Family Business Tues., 4/1 S. Class 19 ROLLING, ROLLING, ROLLINGÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ROLL-UP CASE: Project Dial-Tone HBS 9-897-003 Reading in the Course Packet: 1. The Consolidation of Highly Fragmented Service Industries: Rollups 9-800-142 Thurs., 4/3 T. Class 20 IS THIS A BUBBLE? CASE: Mandic BBS An Entrepreneurial Harvesting Decision HBS 9-899-082 Reading from the Course Packet: Valuing Cash Flows in an International Context Tues., 4/8 U. Class 21 JUST A MATTER OF TAXES CASE: Brazos Partners: the CoMark LBO 9-202-090 Readings in the Course Packet: Note on Leveraged Buyouts Technical Note on LBO Valuation (A)9-902-004 Technical Note on LBO Valuation (B) 9-902-005 ASSIGNMENT: Try doing a reverse induction method as per the readings Thurs., 4/10 V. CLASS 22 USING YOUR STOCK AS CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES CASE: Automated Intelligence Corp Take-home Quiz Handout: Second take-home quiz dealing with material after the first take-home quiz. Individual Assignment. Open Book, but no help from classmates or others. Due next class. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Technical Note on Equity-Linked Consideration Part 1: All stock deals 9-903-027 A Note on Mergers and Acquisitions and Valuation Tues., 4/15 W. CLASS 23- IS THE WHOLE EQUAL TO THE SUM OF ITS PARTS? Take-Home Quiz Due. CASE: Interco HBS 9-291-033 Reading from the Course Packet: 1. Valuing Companies in Corporate Restructurings HBS 9-201-073 Thurs., 4/17 X. CLASS 24 PLAYING HARDBALL CASE: Devon Industries, Inc. (A) (B) 9-175-247 This case is about ethics and negotiations and should provoke a lot of class discussion. There are not any numbers to analyze. ASSIGNMENT: Fill out your answers to the B case. READINGS FROM THE COURSE PACKET: Brinkmanship in Business HBR 67206 Bankruptcy A Debtors Perspective Tues., 4/22 Y. Class 25 CHANGING OF THE GUARD (MBO) CASE: John M. Case Company HBS 9-291-009 Readings from the Course Packet: LBOs for Smaller Companies 88113 Thurs., 4/24 Z. Class 26 -RIDING THE WAVE CASES: 1. Star Cablevision (A) HBS N9-293-036 Star Cablevision (B) HBS N9-293-037 (Bring the B case with you to class but do not read it before class. We will discuss the A case and you will read the B case in class). READING FROM THE COURSE PACKET: 1. Capital Market Myopia HBS 9-288-005 Tues., 4/29 AA. Class 27 THE PERFECT STORM CASES: Star Cablevision (C) N9-293-038 Bring the Star Cablevision (D) case with you to class and we will read in class. Do not read the (D) case before we discuss the (C) case. Star Cablevision (D) N9-293-039 Do not read the D, E F cases before we discuss the (C) case. Thurs., 5/1 BB. Class 28- LESSONS LEARNED/COURSE SURVEY CASES: 1. Star Cablevision (E F) N9-293-040 N9-293-041 ASSIGNMENT: Bring Your Completed Final Course Survey. Your study team and project team peer evaluation forms will be handed out for you to complete and return. McCombs Teacher Evaluations Course Review Review for Final Exam Hand out Final Exam Case for take-home final (DUE NEXT THURSDAY AT NOON) Each student (except those who elected at the beginning of the semester to do the consulting project) should submit a written analysis of the final exam case. You may use spreadsheet templates developed in your study groups but your work on the midterm case should be an individual effort. Your analysis should be word processed and double spaced with at least a 12 point font. Your analysis and spreadsheet work should not exceed 10 pages. Do not put your name on the front of your analysis as I grade it blindly. Put your NAME on the back of the last page and staple. You are to return the case with your typed case analysis to the Finance Department before NOON on THURSDAY, MAY 8TH (THE FINANCE DEPARTMENT CLOSES FOR LUNCH AT NOON). Discussing the case with other students in this or other classes is a violation of the honor code. Looking up what happened to the company on the web is also a violation of the honor code. Study Questions will be attached to the final exam case to be handed out at the end of this class. You can e-mail me with any questions you have on the final case. FOR TEAMS DOING THE CASE CONSULTING PROJECT: YOU ELECTED TO DO THE PROJECT IN LIEU OF THE FINAL EXAM. YOUR TEAMS FINAL WRITTEN ANALYSIS OF YOUR CASE IS DUE ON THURSDAY, MAY 8TH AT 12:00 IN THE FINANCE DEPARTMENT OFFICE (CBA 6.222). Due Thurs. 5/8 A. Turn in Final Exam by 12:00 (Noon). Take Home Final Case Analysis is due in the Finance Office (CBA 6.222) by no later than 12:00 (NOON). Return the case and put your name on the back of the last page of your analysis. Maximum of 10 pages, including spreadsheet exhibits. B. Turn in Team Consulting Project by 12:00 (Noon) Team Case Project is due in the Finance Office (CBA 6.222) by no later than 12:00 (NOON).

Essay about Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare

Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Midsummer Night’s Dream begins in the palace of Theseus, Duke of Athens. Theseus a mythical Greek hero is about to marry Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons, a mythical race of women-warriors. Hermia’s father, Egeus, comes before the Duke to ask that she be punished by law for disobeying him. Hermia wants to marry Lysander and Egeus wants her to marry Demetrius. The law he asks to be invoked provides that she die or enter a nunnery if she doesn’t obey her father. We learn that Demetrius, hermia’s father’s choice, has abandoned Helena. Helena still loves her unfaithful Demetrius. Lysander and Hermia plan to elope. They tell Helena, who says she’ll tell Demetrius. All four lovers will†¦show more content†¦1, 76-81). That was when he was still under the influence of the fairies, an influence which passed away before the period of his life presented in the play. Here we see him as a so ldier and a man of action, who wooed his wife with his sword, and `won her love doing her injuries’, and who in times of peace loved to hear the music of his hounds. His career has been one of conquest (Act V, Sc. 1, 51, 93-100), his triumphs have been celebrated in set orations prepared by great scholars who have `shivered and looked pale’ in the presence of so famous of a soldier. But he, being a man of action rather than of words, who could appreciate any service done him `when simpleness and duty tender it’, has a preference for `the modesty of fearful duty’ rather than for the rattling tongue of saucy and audacious eloquence (Act V, Sc. 1, 102). His love for Hippolyta is no romantic passion like the loves of his young Athenian friends. Indeed, although he makes love at the beginning of the play in a dignified and stately fashion, we find him later comparing together `the lunatic, the lover and the poet,’ apparently without any idea of incl uding himself in his description (Act V, Sc. 1, 7-20). He is certainly not unimaginative, but he keeps his imagination well under control and therein differs from those who `are of imagination all compact’. He cannot believe in the visions and dreams of theShow MoreRelatedA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1011 Words   |  4 Pages The play, A Midsummer Nights Dream, by William Shakespeare, demonstrates the difficulties of human love. Throughout the course of this play, all the lovers were confused, whether it be from the love potion provided by Oberon, the fairy king, or whether it be through natural terms, (those not affected by the potion). In this essay, we will be looking at how Lysander had agreed with this implication of human love being difficult, the scene where all the lovers are confused, and lastly, the timeRead More A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare1029 Words   |  5 PagesBeing that A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a Shakespearian comedy where passion is a significant theme. It is perceived in a variety of ways such as passion for revenge, recognition, and for love, which have the potential to blur the lines between the levels of social hierarchy. Shakespeare uses a variety of characters such as Helena, Nick Bottom, and Oberon to express the theme of passion and its significance in the play. Helena represents the passion for love in this text, as she runs after DemetriusRead MoreSociety in A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare1721 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare uses his word craft and characters as outlets addressing social issues, race, class, and or gender. Through his plays, he emulates the real world and is able to manipulate his worlds to allow his audience to see everything from all sides. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream and discussed in â€Å"Jack shall have Jill;/Nought shall go ill† by Shirley Nelson Garner, in order for the world of men and patriarchal society and hierarchies to be secure and be well, the homoerotic relationships andRead MoreA Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare Essay885 Words   |  4 PagesA Misummer Night’s Dream is a comedy play written by William Shakespeare. In this play there are multiple themes however the most evident theme is love. Why is love an evident theme? It is an evident theme because the play commences with two Greek mythology characters─ the Duke of Athens, Theseus and Amazon queen Hippolita planning their marriage. However as Theseus plans his marriage he has to help Egeus persuade his daughter Hermia to marry Demetrius. Unfortunately both the Duke and Egeus failedRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2727 Words   |  11 PagesA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare The Course Of True Love Never Did Run Smoothà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Explain how Shakespeare demonstrates this concept of love in the play. Shakespeare often used his plays to explore different feelings and emotions. He has written tragic plays, humorous plays and romances. Shakespeare often uses love as a theme within his plays, this is shown in plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth NightRead MoreMechanicals in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare782 Words   |  4 PagesMechanicals in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare The mechanicals consist of Peter Quince (a carpenter), Snug (a joiner), Nick Bottom (a weaver), Francis Flute (a bellows-mender), Tom Snout (a tinker) and Robin Starveling (a tailor). We first come across the mechanicals as they stumble into the woods to rehearse their play, for the Royal Wedding of Helena and Demetrius, and, Hermia and Lysander. This is when we realise that they are not very intelligent Read MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare854 Words   |  3 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream â€Å"Lord, what fools these mortals be (Shakespeare, 1546)!† In the beginning of this play, Hermia refuses her fathers demands to marry Demetrius because she loves Lysander. Her disobedience enrages her father so he presents Theseus with his dilemma, which does not work as well as he had hoped (Gianakaris). Hermia is presented with two alternative options, but neither suits her well. She runs off into the woods with Lysander to get married and from this, a chain of events arisesRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1100 Words   |  4 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream is a Shakespeare-written play containing a five-act, play-within-a-play structure about the misunderstanding and confusion in love among other themes. Shakespeare paints Midsummer’s scenes into an imbalance of what’s real and fiction, dark or light. The play’s structure allows the audience to ask questions about the nature of Shakespeare’s society and of love itself. The tradesmen’s play-within-a-play functions as a developing comic relief between the main story line, asRead MoreA Midsummer Night’s Dream, by William Shakespeare1368 Words   |  6 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream A Midsummer Night’s Dream is an enchanting comedy that presents many dominant views widespread in the society of Shakespeare’s time. Ideas of love and romance are central to the play, and notions of gender and male-dominance prevalent at the time surface throughout the text. Modern audiences may find such notions confronting, whereas Jacobeans might find other elements of the play such as the rampant disorder, uncomfortable. Love is one of the central ideologies presentRead More A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2133 Words   |  9 Pages A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare In the second scene that completes Act I, we are introduced to an extraordinary group of familiar but outlandish comical characters that have been enlightened with the possibility of performing a stage interlude as part of the entertainment at the quick approaching marriage of Theseus and Hippolyta. ====================================================================== The Mechanicals are not only thought of as

Behaviorist Cognitive And Social Learning Theory Education Essay Free Essays

string(67) " ability to ground deductively \( Nolen, 2003 \) Harmonizing to U\." In Miss Tan ‘s Kindergarten 2 category of 15, assuming that kids aged five to six, it had been divided into six groups ; Group A, Group B, Betty, Andy, Tom and Jim. The abilities amongst the kids ranged either mean or above norm. In add-on, there were a figure of challenges mentioned in Miss Tan ‘s category. We will write a custom essay sample on Behaviorist Cognitive And Social Learning Theory Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now From the list of challenges stated, it can be categorized under 3 classs ; Behaviorist, Cognitive, and Social Learning theory. Therefore, in this written essay, with the usage of assorted theories from assorted theoreticians, I will furthur lucubrate on the different types of challenges met in Miss Tan ‘s category. Behaviorist Betty, being the lone kid, frequently fights over toys with her friends over sharing of playthings. Jean Piaget had come up with four phases in cognitive developments, viz. Sensorimotor phase, Pre-operational phase, Concrete operational phase and Formal Operational phase ( Huitt and Hummel, 2003 ) . Hence, kids in Miss Tan ‘s category falls under Piaget ‘s Pre-operational phase. Harmonizing to Huitt and Hummel ( 2003 ) , it was stated that egoism in kids really much exist in this phase. Besides, kids are engaged in symbolic drama at aged five to six. On top of that, Betty is an lone kid, her prosocial accomplishments may non be every bit developed as other kids with siblings. As mentioned from Preusse ( 2008 ) , for sharing to happen among kids, kids ‘s cognitive and emotional abilities are to be developed. In a sense, kids needed to be able to see themselves executing a certain undertaking and demoing empathy towards other kids severally. Merely when these three el ements are present, kids so will be able to portion. As for Betty, she is confronting cognitive issues. Therefore, it would be harder on her to portion her playthings with other kids. Besides, being an lone kid, Betty may hold a higher degree of egoism. In add-on, Betty and Tom are active kids. There were three constituents of personality under Sigmund Freud ‘s Theory of Personality ; ID, Ego and Super self-importance ( Changingminds, 2002-2011 ) . In relation to Freud ‘s Theory of Personality, Betty and Tom may be missing in the Ego facet. It was theorized that kids under the Ego facet should be able to understand that certain behavior may take to certain effects ( Changingminds, 2002-2011 ) . Such effect may be interlinked with kids ‘s societal interaction with their equals. Bing active kids, they may non be able to see the effects due to their personalities. As a consequence, Betty and Tom could be missing in the Ego facet being active kids. As for Betty, she may be missing in the logical thinking accomplishment, which resulted in her combat with other kids over sharing of playthings. On the other manus, Tom is normally non cognizant that he pushed his friends which led other friends avoiding him. For these grounds, it had surely affected Betty and Tom ‘s societal facet. Furthermore, Tom is unprompted and was ill coordinated. As mentioned above, he is incognizant when he pushes his friends. Albert Bandura ‘s Social Learning theory shared about how people ‘s behaviors can be learned through detecting others, patterning or even imitation of others ( Learning Theories Knowledgebase, 2011 ) . In effect, Tom ‘s impulsiveness may be a consequence of imitation of others or his observations on the people around him. With respect to Howard Gardner ‘s Multiple Intelligences theory, Tom ‘s ailing coordination may be due to the deficiency of bodily kinaesthetic intelligence. Nolen ( 2003 ) elaborated on the term bodily kinaesthetic intelligence as 1 who has really developed mulct and gross motor accomplishments. Likewise, one with bodily kinaesthetic intelligence is able to execute moves that require chiseled actions or control. Above that, Tom ‘s issue may be linked to how his encephalon plants. There might a deficient in the map of parietal lobe and cerebellum. These two maps are associated to one ‘s coordination of motions, orientation and position ( Serendip, 1994-2011 ) . Hence, with the under developed of his motor accomplishments and the maps of his encephalon, it caused Tom to be ill coordinated. Following, Andy was a diffident and recluse male child. Both of his challenges can be related to Maslow ‘s Hierarchy of Needs. As a diffident male child, Andy ‘s sociables demands may non be met based on Maslow ‘s Hierarchy of Needs. Andy may be missing in interactions with other people which had reduced his demands of friends, a sense of belonging and love ( Netmba, 2002-2010 ) . Based on Maslow ‘s Hierarchy of Needs, Andy ‘s esteem demands may non be met which led him to be withdrawn. Harmonizing to Netmba ( 2002-2010 ) , there are two types of regards ; internal and external. Therefore, esteems demands are mentioning to self regard, accomplishment, attending, acknowledgment and repute. As a consequence, there may be a possibility that Andy is missing in one or two regards demands which had caused him to be withdrawn. Besides being a bright male child, Jim was besides sensitive. On top of that, Jim calls when he feels frustrated or he did non execute up to his personal outlooks. Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence on Intrapersonal shared that one component of intrapersonal intelligence is that the kid may be in demand of acknowledgment and congratulationss often ( Nolen, 2003 ) . In conformity to encephalon research ( Serendip, 1994-2011 ) , the limbic system which is besides known as emotion encephalon may hold affected Jim as he might non able to command his emotions. In all, without recognition from people around him and the deficient of the limbic system, it may hold led Jim to experience defeated and call when he feels that he does non run into ain personal outlooks. Cognitive Children in Group A were classified to be able to number up to 10. Harmonizing to Queensland Government ( 2003 ) , kids aged five to six should be able to number up to 20. Therefore, in relation to Howard Gardner ‘s Multiple Intelligence, kids in Group A may be in short of the ability to observe forms, logical thought every bit good as the ability to ground deductively ( Nolen, 2003 ) Harmonizing to U.S. National Library of Medicine ( 2011 ) , kids aged five to six should hold a broad vocabulary of about 2000 words. However, kids in Group A are merely able to place letters and simple sight words. Lev Vygotsky ( 1978 ) theorized that Zone of Proximal Development ( ZPD ) refers to a kid ‘s ability to execute a undertaking with and without aid from grownup. Similarly, deficiency of ZPD may use to kids in Group B ; able to compose simple sentences and the capableness to make add-on up to 20. Without aid from grownups, kids may non be able to make their possible. As a effect, it had led kids in Group A and B to hold such challenges. Not merely Betty was a slow scholar, she has trouble numbering up to five. Swimming ( 2008 ) shared about Arnold Gesell ‘s theory on ripening that kids were non allowed to turn at their ain rate. Likewise for Betty, she may be missing in logical mathematical intelligence, theorized by Howard Gardner as she has trouble numbering up to five. Bing a slow scholar, it could be of import for Betty if she could be able to turn and larn at her ain gait. Last in the list for cognitive challenges are Tom and Jim. Both of them have to fight in reading and composing letters in sequence. Nolen ( 2003, p.1 ) quoted â€Å" They have great ability to utilize words with lucidity. † However, Tom and Jim do non expose such facet. Following Howard Gardner ‘s Multiple Intelligence, both Tom and Jim may be missing in lingual intelligence. Despite being above norm male childs, Tom and Jim ‘s portion of the encephalon may be non to the full developed. Harmonizing to Serendip ( 1994-2011 ) , Tom and Jim occipital lobe could be affected as this portion of the cerebrum is related to ocular processing. Due to this defect, it may hold resulted in the troubles of reading and composing letters in sequence. Social Learning As supra mentioned, Betty battles with her friends over sharing of plaything. Harmonizing to Albert Bandura ‘s Social Learning theory about how people ‘s behaviors can be learned through detecting others, patterning or even imitation of others ( Learning Theories Knowledgebase, 2011 ) , it could be a instance whereby Betty did non hold the chance to larn how to portion her plaything as she was the lone kid. Therefore, Bronfenbrenner ‘s ecology theory will be able to come in topographic point every bit good. The micro system which consists Betty ‘s household and school, should farther steer Betty in her behavior ( Division of Educational Studies, 2008 ) . Equally good as the meso system that is, for illustration, the relationship between the place and school, should work together to assist better Betty ‘s behavior. Last but non least, Andy, a slow scholar, may be missing in lingual intelligence. Howard Gardner mentioned that one with lingual intelligence is good with words and through linguistic communication, it might a span of communicating ( Nolen, 2003 ) . However, Andy barely speaks due to speech and linguistic communication troubles. Therefore, in relation to Howard Gardner ‘s theory, lingual intelligence affects one ‘s verbal ability every bit good as their ocular accomplishments. In add-on, portion of Andy ‘s encephalon, the frontal lobe, may hold affected him. For case, due to his frontlet lobe which is associated to parts of address and emotions, it had caused Andy ‘s address and linguistic communication troubles ( Serendip, 1994-2011 ) . Similarly for Andy, Bronfenbrenner ‘s ecology theory will be able relevant to Andy ‘s state of affairs. Harmonizing to Division of Educational Studies ( 2008 ) , through the place and school ( micro system ) and the better relationship between place and school ( meso system ) , it might further heighten Andy ‘s to get the better of his address and linguistic communication trouble. Classroom Environment Harmonizing to Miss Tan ‘s category, I ‘ve identified six different larning demands. First, to assist kids in Group A identify more simple sight words. Second, to assist kids in Group B to execute add-on activity by acknowledging Numberss. Third, to assist Betty heighten her prosocial accomplishments such as sharing her plaything with her friends. Following, is to assist Andy talk up with the people around him. Subsequently, is to assist Tom write letters in sequence. Last, is to assist Jim to be able to command his emotions. One facet for kids to larn better will be the learning environment. Highland Council Education, Culture and Sport Service ( 2010 ) mentioned that a contributing and exciting larning environment allow kids to pass on with their friends during the procedure of acquisition and instruction. Identify more sight words Besides holding a contributing environment, in order to run into kids ‘s acquisition demands, the schoolroom may necessitate to be aesthetically pleasant to the kids as good. For case, to assist kids recognize words, kids will necessitate to be exposed to those words. In add-on, instructor uses phonics to foster guide kids. Therefore, what a instructor can make is to make a word wall for the kids. Additionally, teacher designs another â€Å" I can read! † wall that shows that kids are able to place certain words. For this word wall, teacher will present simple words to more complex words. With the usage of phonics, simple words may be words incorporating sounds of consonants and more complex words refer to words that include blends. For each hebdomad, teacher topographic point two words for kids to recognize. With every word that the kids recognised, instructor will put it into the â€Å" I can read! † wall. However, teacher has to be observant of kids ‘s acquisition procedure and advancement. If a kid needs more clip to larn, instructor should follow kid ‘s gait and non hotfoot kid. In this manner, kids emotional demands will be met as kids will experience good approximately themselves as they are able to recognize more words. On the other manus, if kids needed more clip to finish this undertaking, they know that the instructor is non forcing them excessively hard. Performing add-on activity Similarly, kids need to be exposed to Numberss for them to execute add-on activities. Therefore, instructor can set on a figure chart up to 20 in the Mathematics acquisition corner. Additionally, teacher can plan an â€Å" I can number! † chart for kids. To run into kids ‘s acquisition demands, Teacher foremost rote counts with kids from one to twenty. After that, teacher introduces 10s and 1s to kids. On top of that, instructor does add-on activity with kids harmonizing to the complexness of the activity, get downing from the simplest. In order to run into kids ‘s emotions demands, with every equation that the kids did right, kids will put it onto â€Å" I can number! † chart. By making so, it may assist kids to experience good about themselves. On the reverse, some kids may non be every bit fast as other kids in the group. Therefore, it is of import that instructor have one to one session with these kids. Besides, teacher has to pattern with kids daily for slower kids grasp the mathematics concept. Most significantly, instructor should ne’er set the kid down if he or she can non the equation. Enhance prosocial accomplishments Following, teacher has to assist Betty to better her prosocial accomplishments. In order to assist Betty, instructor has to reenforce the kid ‘s societal interaction with other kids ( Essa, 2003 ) . Furthermore, instructor should reenforce other kids to interact with Betty every bit good ( Essa, 2003 ) As Betty is a slow scholar, in order to run into her larning demands, instructor has to clearly show to her what does interacting with other kids mean. In add-on, teacher needs to demo Betty the manner to portion playthings with other kids and explain to her that the playthings do non entirely belong to Betty. On the other manus, instructor can assist to run into Betty ‘s emotional demands is by foregrounding to their kids that they should seek to interact with Betty. Likewise, other kids can portion with Betty their playthings and Betty may pattern such behaviors. By making this, instructor and other kids may assist Betty to experience that a two manner communicating is needed to assist Betty in her prosocial accomplishments. Enhance address and linguistic communication In order to run into Andy ‘s acquisition demands and to do him speak, instructor can promote and reenforce speaking for him ( Essa, 2003 ) . Teacher observes and picks out a certain activity that Andy may bask the most. From at that place, instructor may seek to acquire child talk about the activity. As for Andy ‘s emotional demands, instructor should non coerce Andy to talk up. Most significantly, teacher should understand that Andy may get down to speak when he feels more comfy and when he is ready. Writing letters in sequence To assist Tom run into his larning demands, instructor can get down a simple activity with him. For illustration, instructor may desire to pattern with Tom the manner to compose the letters. Teacher starts by keeping his manus to let Tom to hold the feel how to compose certain missive. After so, instructor will cut down the clip that she helps Tom. However, this has to be done over a longer period of clip. For Tom ‘s emotional demands, instructor may desire to pattern on one missive per twenty-four hours with Tom. This may give Tom more clip and to assist him come on at his ain gait. In add-on, Tom may non experience to emphasize over the day-to-day practicing of composing letters. Have control over ain emotions As Jim is a bright male child and to run into his larning demands, instructor may desire to put clear outlooks with Jim. Teacher explains and discusses with Jim the methods he can utilize when he feels frustrated. In add-on, instructor can hold a chart for Jim that shows how many times he can command his emotions. The chart may assist to reenforce Jim ‘s positive behavior. Most significantly, teacher demand to show to Jim that she is pleased and happy that Jim is bettering and she would wish to see Jim expose such behavior ( Essa, 2003 ) . How to cite Behaviorist Cognitive And Social Learning Theory Education Essay, Essay examples

Selfish behavior Essay Example For Students

Selfish behavior Essay An Inspector Calls is written by John Priestly. The story takes place in 1912,in Brumley just before the First World War, industrial city in the north midlands. It was first preformed in 1945. In the play, there is a lot of dramatic irony. This is when the audience knows something that the characters do not. For example, Arthur Birling says that the Titanic will never sink and that World War 1 will never happen but they both did. This suggests that Arthur Birling is likely to have strong views that may well prove to be wrong. When the play opens, the Birling family is celebrating the engagement of Sheila and Gerald Croft in the dining room. Sheila and Eric are arguing in a not so serious way, while Gerald and Mr. Birling are talking about business and Lady Crofts attitude of social classes. It appears as if she isnt too happy about the fact that her son is engaged to a girl of a lower class. Arthur hopes that the marriage will help his business. His ambitions become apparent when he tells Gerald that he might be in line for a knighthood. Just before the inspector arrives Mr. Birling shows his outlook on life, what he had learnt in the good hard school of experience to Gerald and Eric he says, a man has to make his own way, he has to look after himself and his family. The inspector enters and tells the family about the suicide of Eva Smith. He shows a photograph to Mr. Birling and starts questioning him. It turns out that Eva Smith had been one of Mr. Birlings employees and later on was discharged because she asked for more money.  Sheila is next to be questioned she had been jealous of Eva smith because she looked better in a specific dress. So she went to the manager and told him that this girl had been very impatient so she later on lost her job. The inspector then goes on and tells that Eva smith had changed her name to Daisy Renton, Gerald knows that the inspectors questions will reveal his involvement with daisy Renton so he asks Sheila to leave the room but she insists on staying this suggests that Gerald is not really trustworthy. He confesses that he did have an affair with Daisy Renton the previous summer. The inspector then questions Mrs. Birling she admits that she did not like Eva Smiths manner because she used the Birling name and lied about why she had done this. Eric is the next to be questioned he admits to meeting this girl and having a bit to much to drink in the palace bar he then later went back to her lodgings. After a few more dated Eva told Eric she was going to have a baby they didnt want to get married so Eric gave her enough money to keep her going but she refuses the money because she thinks that it has been stolen. She was right though it had been stolen off his fathers desk. This shows that like Gerald Eric is not trustworthy neither. The inspector then leaves, and the family are arguing Gerald tells the family that he doesnt think that the inspector was real so they phone the local infirmary and they say that there has been no woman brought in who had committed suicide by drinking a bottle of disinfectant. Everyone is relieved but then the phone rings its the police saying a girl has committed suicide on drinking a bottle of disinfectant and a police officer will be coming round to ask some questions. .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .postImageUrl , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:hover , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:visited , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:active { border:0!important; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:active , .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461 .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u83ea4c4bfad4939d03eb0a757c2f7461:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: William Shakespeare-Romeo and Juliet-'Who or what was to blame for their deaths?' EssayWe think now why might the inspector investigate a suicide is this because there seems to be many reasons, which have driven the victim to suicide. He might think there is a crime behind and because he wants to make the birling family realize that they are responsible for others and not just for themselves. A further aspect of the authors intention to show, that the whole story is not real. I think that the inspector could be there conscience, a means of making people face up to the consequences of their selfish behavior. At the beginning of the play the mood in the dining room is very happy because they are celebrating the engagement. They are obviously a bit tipsy because Sheila says to Eric your sqwiffy meaning that he had drunk a bit too much. But this is soon to change when the inspector calls because it leaves the family feeling guilty the growing feeling effect of the evenings events on the Birling family on a whole: they start to feel involved and start arguing among themselves they feel bitter. My first impressions of the Birlings are that they are a rich family and quite stuck up they sometimes act as if none of them could do anything wrong and they are sometimes jealous of other people who have better looks than them we witness this sort of jalousie during the play. Because they have many privileges such as money, big house, servants then they should act in a responsible way towards those less fortunate than themselves.  Arthur Birling comes across as a kind of arrogant, pompus and dismissive person. He is a prosperous factory owner, his first priority is to make money and get power! He strongly believes that a man has to make his own way and he is looking forward to receiving a knighthood. He does not accept responsibility to less privileged classes.

Activities Outside of School Contingency Arrangements Essay Example

Activities Outside of School: Contingency Arrangements Essay Explain the contingency arrangements appropriate to the issues that may arise when children and young people are on journeys, visits and activities outside of the setting. When planning on taking children or young people out of the school premises on a trip or outing, no matter the size of the group the sheer importance of doing a iris assessment in inevitable, this can identify if a trip should go ahead or not give n the dangers surrounding the trip. By doing this you can look into the trip in depth ND if there are to be any accidents on the trip what can you put in place to either p reverent them from happening, or how to deal with such an incident if it was to happen In my setting once a risk assessment has been completed and we Jackson edge the risks we set in place procedures for what to do if they occur. These would be t hints like: If an accident was to occur we must always have a first aid kit, and a trained first eider with us at all times whether it be on the transport or out in the open, so that the hill can be treated and checked over to make sure it is safe for that child to c array on with the rest of the outing, if it was a major accident making sure first and for memos we make arrangements for that child to be sent to a hospital, with the consent of their parent/ guardian, we must also have an emergency contact number for them to let the me know what is happening with their child. We will write a custom essay sample on Activities Outside of School: Contingency Arrangements specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Activities Outside of School: Contingency Arrangements specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Activities Outside of School: Contingency Arrangements specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Missing Person(s) It is crucial that after every large movement made within the group that all children are head counted to make sure there is the correct am mount of pupils at all times. In my setting if the whole group is to be sectioned into seep a rate groups with no less than 2 supervising then all staff must carry some form of communication linked up to all other staff to report back if a member from a different group is to go missing, so that the supervisors of the other groups as well as t he pupils can be on a look out. These phones or walked talkies are to be set up to the pop lice encase such an incident is to happen. Because the students I work with are m such older, most of them will have a mobile phone themselves so before the group set of or the trip they must fill in a sheet giving their name, age, mobile phone number and alas buddies phone number and are advised to keep as much battery life to them as possible for emergencies. Late departure or arrivals Not all trips and outings can run as smoothly as we would like, thats why we have to make sure that if we are aware that there may be c hanged to departure or arrival times that we let the children know so that they can let the Eire parents know if they are being picked up from the allocated departure stop. Also with all types of rainspout we advise our students to turn up between an hour to half an hour before so that they do not miss the transport, because young people read approve leave Eng time 09:AMA and turn up at that time on the dot. We need the pupils to be there in good time and prepared so that we can actually set of at the requested time. Some things can not be predicted or prevented like bad traffic or accidents on the road, so we must supply enough fresh water on the transport for all students so that they can k pep hydrated if extra hours have been added onto the length of the journey.

Behind the Oval Office essays

Behind the Oval Office essays President Clinton contacted Dick Morris, an associate of seventeen years, one month before the 1994 gubernatorial elections with one goal in mind, to win the 1996 presidential election. His intentions were to get Morriss help to win back the presidency and redefine his image as the Commander in Chief. With the notion of the permanent campaign, Clinton was able to gain back public appeal and win the 1996 election with ease. Recent history has shown that presidents can not only be brought down by their failures but by their successes as well. Although they may accomplish what they say they are going to, failures to initiate new programs and innovate cause voters to lose interest. This was where Dick Morris and the permanent campaign stepped in. Clinton employed Morris to figure out which way the public was going on issues and what they really wanted out of their president. What the majority of people wanted was change. The public wanted a president who acted like a president. The use of extensive polling helped Morris and Clinton determine the popular stances on issues, which arguments were more persuasive, and why certain voters liked or disliked the President. Clinton needed to get a clear idea of how he had gone wrong in the eyes of his public in order to get back on track with them. Polling was not used to tell the President what to do, but was a good gauge as to what the public felt was im portant for him to do and where they stood as a society. Clintons easy win in 1996 was a result of his new definition of the job and the new substance that was added to his campaign. It was not the result of spinning. Spinning refers to when consultants or spin doctors change the way in which their candidates and their positions on issues are presented. Substance is not created. Their views are merely twisted to change the publics perception of them. What Dick Morris did with Bill Cl...

The Decisions for Miller Lite Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 20

The Decisions for Miller Lite Brand - Essay Example It is observed that with the return of Miller Lite’s original white can design, the sales in the American market immediately increased. That compelled the MillerCoors to make the white cans permanent. The second reason behind the change to the original package is that MillersCoor’s share of the North American beer market has been declining. For instance, in 2005 it reduced from 7.9 percent to 6.2 percent (Wong, 2014). Third, the blue can design makes people think or feel that they are not buying the same old Miller Lite. For instance, it is depicted that diverse people insinuate that the beer tastes better because of the white can. A significant challenge is that light beers are often blue such as Bud Light, which is America’s best-selling beer. Therefore, it would portray wrong publicity that it does not have hence it was proper for the MillerCoor’s marketers to return to the original white can to set a distinction. The decision to back the white can design is justified. It is an economically wise decision to return the Miller’s original packaging. The main reason is to market the product. It is evident that the change of the beer cans from blue to white promoted the sales in America, as there were no more beers remaining on the shelves. The decision to change the packaging has enormously boosted the brand positively. The brand has gained momentum in the market as consumers now view it as taking quality and original beer. The white packaging makes it unique from other drinks hence making the brand to be popular. Besides, the brand has gained recognition and improved sales. In addition, the change of packaging to white design cans has made the brand marketable in tests with a panel of men of ages between 21 and 29. The decision to change the packaging was actually expected as a measure to boost the sales. It is evident that Miller Lite’s blue can design has been in the beer aisles from 2001 with low sales. Therefore, there was a need for a solution to boost the market hence the decision to change the packaging was expected.

Answer questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer questions - Essay Example practice insurance does not mean that a professional can use the same when he conducts an act of negligence; the insurance is simply for protecting him against some malpractice committed while being ordinarily prudent in his affairs of conducting his activities, yet causing some damage to the patient, in an unknowingly negligent manner. It thus should not ideally lessen the care that is taken by a professional in his work. 29. The role of the insurance industry is to reiterate the fact that despite any professional possessing liability insurance, he must not fall short of being competent or prudent while conducting his daily affairs. The insurance should not be treated like a ticket to being negligent, but merely used during a time of crisis. 30. Churning amounts to a breach of securities law; when a broker conducts an excessive transaction and sells the securities that have increased in their value while keeping the securities that have lost out on their value, misrepresentation or fraud may be committed by the broker and the company that he represents. Thus, the line should be drawn when one steps onto fraudulent methods to earn a higher commission. 31. It is ethical for an insurance company to base the commission of an agent on the basis of a buyer’s needs because at the end of the company is carrying out a business transaction and every agent acting on behalf of the company should be entitled to receive that which he is able to get; regardless of the buyer’s needs, the agent will only be entitled to the amount of commission equal to that of the policy that he has been able to sell to the client. 32. It is important and pertinent for a state to respect and enforce the judgments that are awarded by courts in other states as well as the statutes and case laws of other states because when a certain judgment has been passed for a particular case in a state, it may act as a precedent for a similar case taking place elsewhere. The state thus must foster

Atlantic Diving Supply, Inc. v. Bancroft Global Development Case Study

Atlantic Diving Supply, Inc. v. Bancroft Global Development - Case Study Example A lawsuit was filed by ADS in Virginia Beach Circuit Court in February of 2011. ADS alleged that Bancroft had ordered and accepted the boots along with other products such as battle-dress uniforms, pistol belts and field jackets but only had paid for half of it. Bancroft is accused of breach of contract and conversion. ADS argued that Bancroft held on to the goods that it had actually rejected and hence demanded $1 million. A statement by ADS’s attorney said that Bancroft owed ADS money and hence they are suing it (WTOP, 2012). Bancroft on the other hand countersued ADS for $1.1 million. It accused ADS of breach of contract and fraud. Bancroft argued that the boots supplied were of poor quality and fake military boots. The boots were not intended for military use as they were designed to be costume boots. The quality of the boots is said to be so poor that it would not even serve the purpose of daily regular use, let alone military use (WTOP, 2012). The main reason for the disagreement is that the boots were of poor quality and wore out on just a few uses. Bancroft says that it relied on ADS to provide boots that were of military specification. Even though this was not mentioned in the purchase order, the specifications of the product needed were mentioned in the purchase order by DynCorp which was forwarded to ADS. Hence Bancroft argues that as ADS was aware of the military specifications of the product and still provided with low quality products. Therefore it has indulged in fraud and breach of contract. Bancroft had arranged for the delivery to be picked up by a third party and have it delivered to Uganda. There were no inspection checks done and it is only after the problems surfaced, that an official inspection was conducted and the boots officially rejected (McCabe, 2012). ADS has argued against the above allegation by saying that the products were selected based on the price quote by Bancroft. There are no military boots available in their price range. It also argued that all military specification was carefully removed from the purchase order by Bancroft in order to save money. They argued that Bancroft wanted to the cheapest products at the earliest and they were delivered what they asked for. ADS also blame Bancroft of taking too much time in rejecting the goods. It argues that if the products were detective, then should have been immediately rejected (McCabe, 2012). Judgement has not been reached yet and evidences have been submitted by both parties to prove their claims. Risk Management by both Organizations There are various risk management steps that could have been taken by both organizations to avoid. First and foremost, each organization should have added an expressed condition in the contract that would ensure that their interests are served. An express condition would explicitly set forth the terms and conditions of the deal (Salzedy & Brunner, 1999). Bancroft should have added a condit ion in the agreement to meet the specific quality requirements which would mean that the ADS would have been under the obligation to meet the quality requirements, in this case military specifications. ADS on its part could have added a condition to have the payment made within a specified time length or added a condition would have required Bancroft to reject the products within a time period

Kohlberg: Theory Of Moral Reasoning

Kohlberg: Theory Of Moral Reasoning Moral reasoning is a segment of social cognition that particularly aims at understanding the reason to why young people involve themselves in criminal offenses or behaviors. In most cases delinquency is associated with delayed maturation and development of moral reasoning. For minors when an opportunity for a crime arises, their underdeveloped cognitive ability to control and resist the urge or temptation to offend allows them to go ahead and commit the criminal act. In general this group of offenders lack self control and they tend to act impulsively. The strength of causation of crime varies from one individual to the other. In this paper I will discuss several theories in relation to the moral reasoning, evidence for and against moral reasoning. According to Kohlbergs theory of moral reasoning, the cognitive-development takes an assumption that the primary mental structure is as a result of relationships or interactions between certain organismic structuring tendencies and the general structure of the outside world. Kohlberg examines that moral reasoning is exercised in the mental structure; the structure refers to the general attributes of shape, pattern organization of response like rules that guide the processing of information, for connecting experienced events. He goes a head and explains that linkages are formed by both selective and active processes of attention, information-gathering tactics and motivated thinking. Kohlbergs structures of moral reasoning are synthetic due to the active processes between the human organism which is a self regulating system of cognitive and effective inclination and the social environment in which it is found. Moral Reasoning is a process that progresses through stages. The theory argues that moral reasoning catapults the cognitive growth, for instance the capacity to reason and think is basic for improved and high levels of moral reasoning. Advanced moral reasoning wholly depends on advanced logical reasoning, that is, ones logical stage demarcates the moral stage he can achieve. The moral stages should only be taken for what they are worth of. Morality is the foundation on which Kohlbergs theory is developed. In cognitive development, morality is a natural product of a universal human tendency toward empathy or role taking, and putting oneself in the conscious condition of another being. Consequently, moral reasoning is a product of a universal human advocacy for justice. Kohlbergs understanding of morality is primarily based on Piagets definition whereby all morality comprises of rules, and the core of morality as a whole is to be sought for in the reverence which a person acquires for these rules. Morality according to Kohlberg is judgment based on justice. However justice is a distribution of rights and duties governed by concepts of quality and reciprocity. Justice is identified and recognized by Piagets logic, the equilibrium of social action and relations. Moral Stages according to Kohlbergs theory are divided into Preconventional level, Conventional level and Postconventional level. Preconventional level Stage 1: Punishment and Obedience Orientation-the physical consequences of an action determines its goodness or badness regardless of human meaning or value. These consequences are weighed basing on the impact to the individual rather than based upon the consequences for all. Stage 2: Instrumental-relativism Orientation-a right action is that which instrumentally fulfills ones own needs and in some occasions the needs of others. These two stages have an egocentric point of view where ones choices are based on the fear of punishment and a desire to be rewarded. Conventional level Stage 3: The Interpersonal concordance Orientation: good manners and behavior is that which pleases or helps others and is acknowledged by them. The person progresses to consider the approval or disapproval of other and not only after fulfilling ones own interests. The intention of self and others are considered. Stage 4: Law and Order orientation: the progress is made with regard to looking at the society at large rather than yourself and approval of others. Generally it is the orientation towards law, fixed rules and maintenance of social order. Doing ones duties while showing respect to the authority and maintaining the given social order for its own sake. The conventional stage requires one to make choices from a societys perspective, considering the good of others, positive relation maintenance taking into consideration the rules of the society. Postconventional level Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation: Right actions are defined in terms of an individuals rights and standards rather than those that have been examined and agreed upon by the society at large. The individual see the current rules and regulations as subordinate to the needs of the society instead of instructing them. Stage 6: Universal-Ethical-Principles Orientation: Right is defined by a decision of conscience in accordance with self chosen ethical principles attractive to the logical comprehensiveness, universality, and consistence. Principles are abstract and ethical; universal principles of justice, reciprocity and quality of human rights with respect of human beings as individual persons. In the Postconventional level, prior to the societys perspective, personal ideals take precedence over particular societal laws. Literature review Evidence for Moral Reasoning Eysenck Personality Theory Psychologies the world over assume that behavioral consistence relies or depends primarily on the determination of ones underlying attributes to act in a particular way in a certain situation. These tendencies are mainly personal traits like impulsiveness, assertiveness, excitement seeking, dutifulness and modesty. According to Eysenck, offending is a normal and rational basing on the assumption that human beings were hedonistic, sought pleasure and avoid pain. He also identifies that criminal acts like theft, vandalism, and violence were generally pleasurable to the offenders. Eysenck also gives the reason to why all people are not criminals to be as a result of build up conscience (conditioned fear response). Nevertheless, people who commit offenses have no strong conscience build up because they have poor conditionality. To Eysenck, poor conditionality is associated with personality dimensions: Extraversion (E), Neuroticism (N) and Psychoticism (P). He defines that people with high E build up respond poorly as they have lower levels of cortical arousal. Those with high levels of N condition less well as their high resting levels of anxiety obstructs their conditioning. In addition N stimulates and anchors the existing behavioral tendencies, for instance neurotic extroverts are criminals. High P levels individuals particularly tend to be offenders; they are emotionally cold, have high hostility, inhuman with low empathy. Studies relating to Eysenck personality dimensions reported that people with high N were official offenders while those with high E levels self-reported offending. High P level was found to be related to both. The study of 400 boys in London, reported that those found with high levels of both E and N were juvenile self-reported offenders, adult official offenders and adult self-reported offenders. No juvenile official offender was reported. In addition to these, there are other factors like low family income, low intelligence, and poor parental child rearing behavior that contributed to the malice. From individual questionnaires, it was established that impulsiveness was key causing these criminal acts amongst the minors. There is a big linkage between impulsiveness and offending. Impulsive Theories Doing things without thinking is the most vital and crucial personality dimension that envisages offending. Some individuals are unable to control behavior; they are always hyper-reactive, impulsive, and unable to consider consequences before acting, sensation-seeking, risk-taking, poor ability to plan ahead and poor ability to control gratification. A study of 400 boys in London, three categories of the boys ended up offenders in their later life: a) boys nominated by teachers to be lacking concentration or exhibited restlessness, b) boys nominated by parents, peers, and teachers to be most daring or risk taking, and c) boy who were highly impulsive on psychomotor tests at ages eight to ten. In essence, daring, poor concentration, and restlessness predicted both self-reported delinquency and official convictions; daring being the independent predictor. The Pittsburgh Youth Study by Jennifer White found out that self-reported delinquency of males between ten and thirteen years were teacher rated impulsiveness, self-reported under-control, motor restlessness and psychomotor restlessness. In general, most theories suggest that impulsiveness reflects the deficiency in the executive function of the brain, located in the frontal lobe (Moffitt). Individuals with neuropsychological shortage are likely to commit crimes as they have poor moral control over their behavior. There is also an indirect connection between neuropsychological deficiency and offending whish is propagated by hyperactivity and inattention in schools thus resulting into school failures. Some related assumptions suggest that low cortical arousal produces impulsive and sensational seeking behavior. The benefits of offending include material gain, sexual gratification, and peer approval. Despite these benefits, there are diverse consequences in relation to offending or committing a crime like being caught and punished, pangs of conscience, and disapproval by onlookers. Wilson and Herrnstein (1985) describes and emphasize conscience as the key to prevent offending or crime, and that conscience is built up in asocial learning perspective regardless of parental punishment in childhood transgressions. Individual difference is also another factor according to Wilson-Herrnstein theory as it provides the extent to which peoples behavior is influenced by the immediate as opposed to delayed consequences. People vary in their ability to think about or plan for the future. Highly impulsive individuals are poorly influenced by the likelihood of the future repercussions thus they are more likely to offend or commit a crime. Evidence against Moral Reasoning From practical arguments, morality is a rational enterprise. In Moral despair and Moral discouragement we are told that if there is no source for moral, order morality will collapse; it will cease to be a sustainable enterprise. Kant for instance argues that if the highest good cannot be attained then the moral law which bids us to seek it must be fantastic and directed to imaginary ends must therefore in itself be false (Kant 1996/1962, 231; 5/114). In relation to this, if morality ends are unattainable, then there would be no obligations and duties. In general it would be demoralizing believing that there is no moral order to the universe because demoralization in itself is morally undesirable. For instance, Theism acts as a source of moral order which then implies that there is an advantage in believing that there is moral order in the universe that governs all activities and duties of human beings. For this matter there is a moral advantage of accepting theism (Adams 1987, 151). Morality demands that we become as good as we can be, this then means that if there is no source of moral order in the world then the need for us becoming as good as we can be is faced with many difficulties. And the only way these difficulties can taken or driven away is by us accepting theism. In essence we have a moral reason for driving ourselves into a situation where we can come to believe in the truth of theism. In most cases truth is demoralizing and there is no reason for one to think that it is false. People are after organizing the world so as to meet our deepest human needs. With this in mind, such a hypothesis would be null and void if existence of God who gives us a divine source of moral order. In addition Kant appeals that individuals should believe that there is God but there are also needs of reason. Drabkins take is that the moral ills that afflict or would afflict us if there were no God give us ground, not for the belief that there is a God, but for undertaking the project of becoming to believe that there is a God (Drabkin 1994:171). This is evidence enough to go against moral reasoning.   Conclusion Moral reasoning helps in establishing the real causes of criminal behaviors amongst the young individuals. Kohlbergs theory is key and funder mental in establishing the behavioral characteristics and traits of and individual through his developmental stages. For instance Kohlberg explains different stages of behavior development starting with Preconventional level, conventional level then lastly the Postconventional level. Evidence for moral reasoning are provided using two theories; Eysenck personality theory where offending is considered to be normal and pleasurable to the offenders. The theory also tells us that criminals have no strong conscience build up because of their poor conditionality. Impulsive theories explains to a great extend what causes one to offend; for example the theories explains that some individuals are unable to control their behavior, are hyperactive, impulsive and unable consequences before acting, they are sensation-seeking, apt in risk-taking, and poor ab ility to control gratification. The evidence against moral reasoning provides us with the existence of God who is the source of moral order of the universe. Morality is the key to having a good and cohesive society the world over.

International Business: The Importance of Ethics in Business Essay

International Business The business world has always relied heavily on contractual agreements while conducting business. These contracts while written in ink, are set in stone. Once your business partner signs his/her name on the dotted line the pact has been sealed and nothing else needs to be said. But what happens when you take away the physical contractual element and everything is agreed upon through one's word? The world of business ethics is an old discipline in most parts of the world, and in most cases, is applied to the everyday business world. But in the case of China, the country of exaggerated numbers and inflated profit margins, business ethics has yet to be fully assimilated into the Chinese business culture. Business ethics is a multi-faceted approach to honesty, integrity, and straight-forwardness in the corporate world. This paper however, is concerned with two main business ethics' topics brought up by Dr. Rothlin in his book, Becoming a Top Notch Player: 18 Rules of International Business Ethics. We will be discussing rules 14 &15 in the following. Rule 14 deals with securing your public reputation by having a commitment to quality and excellence. Rule 15 deals mainly with corruption and it's negative impacts on day-to-day business dealings. Although rules 14 &15 are both in the realm of business ethics, they are very different by nature and therefore we decided to give them each their own separate section. The first section we will go over is rule 14, following that is rule 15. Rule 14 states, "Your public relations strategy will only secure your reputation if it witnesses your drive for quality and excellence". At first glance, this seems like a rather straightforward, obvious principle ... ...middle of the two extremes that would be optimal. The GMC case study is a convincing argument that reliable services build prestige. In cutting the offending companies from their list of contacts, GMC earned a reputation of honesty and loyalty. Such a reputation rewards a business with future financial profits and commercial morality. With Enron in the rear-view mirror, companies need to learn that merely looking like an ethical company is not enough. There must be physical proof of commercial morality. This can only be gained slowly, through many business decisions and years of dealings. As China continues it's rise towards modernization and commercialization, it's companies rely on pure business ethics to build a solid foundation for the future. If these ethical procedures are not practiced, the rapidly growing giant that is China could stall in the mud.

Electronic Smart Device for Active Learning Essay

The evolution of handheld portable devices and wireless technology has resulted in radical changes in the social and economic lifestyles of modern people. (El-Hussein & Cronje, 2010, p. 12) For international students, electronic smart devices is a kind of appropriate learning resource to assist them in overcoming learning difficulties and improving learning efficiency and initiatives. Thus, Nell Mobile Device Company has authorized Rusty Marketing Company to investigate the feasibility and necessity of â€Å"developing a new electronic smart device product to improve the ability of active learning among international students†. As an international college, QUTIC has a certain number of international students from different parts of the world. Therefore 20 QUTIC students will be referenced as convenience sampling. Everyone of them will be asked to finish a paper-based questionnaire with 1 open search and 9 closed search questions, at P block, Kelvin Grove Campus in 8 April 2013. All responses will be voluntary and anonymous. The primary data will be analyzed and then showed in a graphic form. Scholarly journals and dissertations will be referenced as a kind of mainly secondary data. The report will recommend if or what an ideal mobile device might need to be developed.

Spanish Possessive Pronouns

Spanish Possessive Pronouns If youve learned the long form of the possessive adjectives, you already know the possessive pronouns of Spanish. In fact, some grammarians classify the long-form possessive adjectives as pronouns, even though they are used to describe nouns. What Are Possessive Pronouns? Possessive pronouns are the equivalent of the English pronouns mine, yours, his, hers, theirs and its, but they arent used in exactly the same way in Spanish as they are in English. As the name suggests, possessive pronouns are used in the place of nouns rather than to describe nouns as adjectives do. Here are the possessive pronouns of Spanish with simple examples of their use: mà ­o, mà ­a, mà ­os, mà ­as - mine Tu madre y la mà ­a no pueden cantar. (Your mother and mine cant sing.)No me gustan los coches rojos. El mà ­o es verde. (I dont like red cars. Mine is green.)Cuido de tus mascotas como si fueran las mà ­as. (I take care of your pets as if there were mine.) tuyo, tuya, tuyos, tuyas - yours (singular informal) Este libro no es mà ­o. Es tuyo. (This book isnt mine. Its yours.) ¿Dà ³nde est mi mochila? La tuya est aquà ­. (Where is my backpack? Yours is here.) suyo, suya, suyos, suyas - his, hers, yours (singular formal or plural formal), its, theirs Mis calcetines son rojos. Los suyos son negros. (My socks are red. His/hers/yours/theirs are black.)Amo a mi esposa. Él no ama a la suya. (I love my wife. He doesnt love his.) nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras - ours Este coche es nuestro. (This car is ours.) ¿Te gusta tu casa? No me gusta la nuestra. (Do you like your house? I dont like ours.) vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras - yours (plural informal; infrequently used in  Latin America) Nuestra casa es muy vieja.  ¿Y la vuestra? (Our house is very old. And yours?)No me gustan los coches de vuestros competidores. Prefiero los vuestros. (I dont like your competitors cars. I prefer yours.) As you can see from the examples, possessive pronouns must match the noun they represent in both number and gender, just as do the long-form possessive adjectives. They do not necessarily match the number or gender of the person or thing that has possession. Spanish Possessive Pronouns The possessive pronouns of Spanish take the same form as the long form of the possessive adjectives, namely mà ­o, tuyo, suyo, nuestro, and vuestro along with their plural and feminine counterparts.Except when followed by forms of ser, a verb meaning to be, the possessive pronouns are preceded by el, la, lo, los, or las.  Because  suyo is ambiguous, it is sometimes replaced by phrases such as de à ©l or de ellas. Definite Articles With Possessive Pronouns Note that unlike the equivalent pronouns in English, the Spanish possessive pronouns are usually preceded by a definite article (el, la, los or las), the equivalent of the. The article is usually dispensed with when the possessive pronoun follows a form of the verb ser, such as son or es, as in the examples, although it is sometimes retained for emphasis. Ambiguous Suyo Suyo and the related forms can be ambiguous since they can mean his, hers, yours, theirs, or its. When context doesnt make its meaning clear, the possessive pronoun can be omitted and replaced by a prepositional phrase such as de à ©l (instead of his) or de ellos (instead of theirs). Examples: No es mi coche. Es de ella. (Its not my car. Its hers.) ¿Dà ³nde estn mis zapatos? Los de à ©l estn aquà ­. (Where are my shoes? His are here.)En nuestras listas hay luchadores; en las de ellos, cobardes. (On our lists there are fighters; on theirs, cowards.) Note that you wouldnt normally use the de object pronoun to refer to those that arent included in the meaning of su. So, for example, you wouldnt normally substitute de mà ­ for mà ­o. Using the Possessive Neuter Form The single, masculine form of the pronouns can also be treated as neuter and thus be preceded by the definite article lo. Even though singular, the pronoun can stand for more than one object. The neuter form is used when no specific object is being referred to. Examples: No toques lo mà ­o. (Dont touch what is mine. Dont touch my things.)Lo mà ­o es importante. (What is mine is important. My things are important.)Es intolerable que nuestro là ­deres no defiendan lo nuestro. (It is intolerable that our leaders dont defend what is ours. It is intolerable that our leaders dont defend our traditions.)

buy custom Psychology and Health essay

buy custom Psychology and Health essay This is the most common repeated measure design. Its a longitudal approach where the subjects get many different exposures. Though it includes observational, I will be focussing on the controlled experiments which are mainly used in fields like psychology and health related areas. The experiments which are likely to be adapted in health care purposes may either be in random or controlled. If its random, patients are randomly picked and submitted to treatments and this is repeated for a number of times on the same people. Balance is one important aspect that should be considered when undertaking a cross over experiment. The researcher must ensure that all the people involved get uniform treatment in terms of dosage and duration (Barness, 2007). In this case, an experiment may be conducted in a small ward with people who are suffering from obesity. Use of the repeated measure design will help decrease the variance of the expected effects of treatment thus creating a path for data inference to be conducted with fewer patients. In Repeated measures design, experiments are done very fast since there is less number of people to be trained. This type of experiment also allows enough observation because the researcher has the chance to monitor and watch how the changesoccur as time passes by both in long and short term situations (Adrian Martin., 2004). The researcher may also decide to take the practice effect of the drug. This is done by comparing the performance of a patient before the medication with the performance after the medication. The researcher may then be able to tell if the drug has any effect in the performance of the subject. Repeated measures design is preferable because it makes an experiment to be more dependable and efficient. Its ability to ensure low variability adds to its accuracy and there is a high chance of attaining valid results. The main weakness associated with the repeated measure design is the inability of every participating subject to go through all the conditions included in the experiment. This may be because of time or location limitations. The process should be accurate in collecting, analyzing and sampling data; hence the validity of result would be quite high. Considering that there are many different aspects of validity, which influence the validity of the research in general. The participants may bbe supplied with different questionnaires based on specific areas of interests. The approval or the disapproval of implementation of the program should be based on its merits and demerits as determined after conducting the research. All the participants shall be given their respectively informed consent for the purpose of participation in the research. They shall be informed prior to the research, the purposes, the potential benefits as well as the risks that might be associated with their participation. Ethical standards shall be considered in the procedures of the research. Most existing drugs used to treat obesity by reducing appetite have been found to have adverse side effects on the users. This is because almost all of them are controlled substances that stand to be overused by a patient. Hence, it would be advisable for the doctors to be stricter when prescribing this drugs.alo research needs to be done to establish all the long term effects of using such drugs and the proposed duration that the treatment should be administered to avoid their abuse. In conclusion, patients who may be using weight-loss dugs need to keep in mind that drugs alone wont work effectively unless they combine it with a healthy eating habit and physical exercise. Buy custom Psychology and Health essay

Company Analysis from an Employee Perspective Essay

Company Analysis from an Employee Perspective - Essay Example In June 2012, the company release Microsoft Surface, its first Microsoft hardware based computer. To compete with Gmail, Microsoft release Outlook.com, a webmail service in July 2013. It also acquired Yammer in the same year, a social network website and Windows 8 Phone. Anticipating demand, Microsoft also increased the number of its outlets in 2012. The concern has high current ratio. This means that the company is not utilising its cash reserves efficiently and not leveraging on short term debt. Microsoft is holding an enormous cash balance that is an asset not producing anything. This lowers the overall return on the assets and thereby increases the cost of capital. Microsoft has been consistently working on high cash and this indicates a lazy behaviour of the company. Ideal current ratio is 2:1 Current Ration for the year 2012 was at 2.60. We observe that not much of a change has happened over the past year. The firm has had high cash reserves in the past year as well to the tune of 51% of the total assets. Maintaining high cash persistently reflect poor strategic planning and management (Business Ferret, 2011). Return on Assets helps to determine the percentage of profits a company is making to finance all of its assets. This ratio also judges the efficiency of management to utilise company’s assets to generate enough profits. This kind of judgement on management strength is of keen interest to possible employees. The company has been consistently showing strong and healthy return on assets. However, ROA for 2013 shows a rise from 14.77 to 15.31%. For software companies, high ROA is a good indication because these companies do not need much of cash for their assets. However, for Microsoft, high denominator is due to high amount of cash holdings. This is not a very good sign. ROA, when adjusted with cash, stands at 33.4%. Such high cash contributes towards